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In silico toxicity prediction of 1-phenyl-1-(quinazolin-4-yl) ethanol compounds by using Toxtree, pkCSM and preADMET
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
The 1-phenyl-1-(quinazolin-4-yl) ethanol compounds are alkaloids of quinozoline class found in many Hydrangeaceae families. A survey revealed that most of the identified quinazoline derivatives have anticancer activity. Toxicity prediction of 1-phenyl-1-(quinazolin-4-yl) ethanols compounds were performed to obtain the best three compounds with high activity and the lowest toxicity. Toxicity prediction was conducted using Toxtree, pkCSM and PreADMET. The 2D structure of compounds were formed using ChemDraw. The decision tree approach was used in Toxtree application with endpoints including Cramer rules, Kroes TTC, carcinogenicity (genotoxic and non genotoxic) and in vitro mutagenicity. Graph based signature was used in pkCSM application with endpoints including mutagenicity, maximum daily dose, LD50 and hepatotoxicity. In PreADMET application, a method based on drugs similarity and ADMET properties was used with endpoints including mutagenicity, carcinogenicity to rat and mice. The results of data analysis showed that the best three anticancer compounds that have high activity and the lowest toxicity are compounds 14, 16 and 19.
PROFIL BERAT MOLEKUL ENZIM PROTEASE BUAH NANAS (Ananas comosus L.Merr) DAN PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE SDS-PAGE
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
Kelompok enzim protease yaitu papain dan bromelin mampu menguraikan struktur molekul protein menjadi asam amino sangat bermanfaat dalam berbagai macam bidang terutama industri makanan dan farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil berat molekul enzim bromelin dari kulit buah nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) dan papain (Carica papaya L.) dari getah pepaya yang berbeda varietas dengan menggunakan metode SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Poly Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis). Presipitasi dilakukan dengan penambahan amonium sulfat ((NH4)2SO4)) 60 % dan dialisis enzim menggunakan tabung selofan dengan ukuran pori 12.000 Dalton. Selanjutnya, berat molekul larutan enzim hasil dialisis ditentukan dengan metode SDS-PAGE. Hasil analisis berat molekul enzim bromelin varietas Bogor dan Subang tidak berbeda yaitu berkisar 30,654 kDa, begitu juga dengan enzim papain varietas California dan Sukma tidak berbeda yaitu berkisar 23,485 kDa. Dapat disimpulkan varietas buah yang berbeda pada nanas dan pepaya tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat molekul enzim bromelin dan papain.
Neuropharmacological activity of nut grass (Cyperus Rotundus L.) rhizome fraction
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
The flavonoids content of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes is presumed to show activities on a central nervous system involving GABAergik. This research aimed to further investigate the neuropharmacological properties of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes fraction by measuring their hypnotic-sedative and anticonvulsant activities. The exploratory behavior test was performed using the hole-board method, while the motor coordination was assessed using the rotarod test. The results showed that the 70% ethanol fraction of Cyperus rotundus rhizome exhibited significant neuropharmacological activities (p < 0.05). Among the three fractions tested in this research (i.e., ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane), the ethanol fraction showed the best hypnotic-sedative and anticonvulsant activities. The ethanol fraction of Cyperus rotundus rhizome could shorten the duration of HLE equal to sodium valproate and potentiate phenobarbital-induced sleep by reducing the onset and prolonging the duration of sleep. The highest dose of the 70% ethanol fraction of Cyperus rotundus rhizome (356.7 mg/kg) displayed the best anxiolytic activity, resembling that of diazepam (p>0.05). In conclusion, Cyperus rotundus rhizome appeared as potent neuropharmacological drug candidate with abilities comparable to synthetic drugs.
HKSA dan Penambatan Molekuler Senyawa Turunan Kumarin sebagai Anti Kanker Kolon
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
Senyawa turunan kumarin menunjukkan aktivitas anti koagulasi darah, menghambat kerja enzim, antimikroba, antibiotik, dan anti kanker dengan mengganggu sintesa DNA/RNA. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh hubungan kuantitatif struktur-aktivitas senyawa turunan kumarin terhadap reseptor kanker kolon dengan pendekatan Hansch melalui analisis multilinear, untuk dapat melakukan modifikasi senyawa berdasarkan persamaan HKSA dalam usaha memperbesar potensi dan selektifitas obat. Metode: Deskriptor yang terpilih mewakili parameter elektronik,hidrofobik dan sterik. Penambatan molekul dilakukan dengan menggunakan Autodock Vina untuk menganalisa interaksi dari turunan kumarin terhadap enzim Topoisomerase II. Hasil: Hasil persamaan HKSA yang didapat telah tervalidasi dengan metode LOO (Leave One Out) adalah Log IC50= -4.047+(0.496 x AM1_dipol) + (-0.089 x AM1_HOMO) + (0.899 x logP(o/w)) + (0.903 x logS) + (0.351 x mr). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan IC50 prediksi dari senyawa yang di modifikasi (MOD2) dengan subtituen NO2 mempunyai aktivitas terbaik dengan (ΔGbind) terendah (-8.8 Kcal/mol) dan memiliki IC50 prediksi terkecil yaitu 1.0897 μM dibandingkan IC50 lead compound (C14) yaitu 1.77 μM. Kesimpulan: Senyawa yang telah dimodifikasi (MOD2) memperlihatkan interaksi yang baik dengan reseptor kanker Topoisomerase II dengan menghasilkan energi bebas sebesar -8,8 kcal/mol.
Pembuatan Sabun Scrub Kopi sebagai Produk Souvenir Komoditas Lokal di Desa Kaliaren Kabupaten Kuningan
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
Peningkatan serapan kopi oleh industri merupakan strategi yang perlu dilakukan dalam memperluas diversifikasi produk kopi. Serapan kopi produksi Indonesia berkisar sekitar 35% dan sisanya masih diekspor. Desa Kaliaren merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Cilimus Kabupaten Kuningan yang wilayahnya banyak ditanami kopi. Selama ini, penjualaan kopi oleh para petani secara langsung hanya dalam kondisi segar. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukannya suatu usaha untuk memvariasikan produk olahan kopi setempat. Salah satu usaha tersebut adalah memberdayakan masyarakat agar mampu secara mandiri memanfaatkan potensi daerahnya yaitu dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengenai wirausaha dan teknologi tepat guna proses pembuatan sabun scrub kopi yang dapat dijadikan produk souvenir komoditas lokal. Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah dilakukan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa: (1) Kegiatan PKM ini dapat meningkatkan motivasi usaha, kesadaran, pengetahuan dan ketrampilan masyarakat melalui penerapan teknologi tepat guna untuk mengolah komoditas lokal menjadi produk sabun scrub; (2) Peserta pelatihan kelompok ibu-ibu PKK dan KWT telah mengikuti serangkaian kegiatan pembuatan sabun scrub selanjutnya perlu dikembangkan kerjasama dengan pihak terkait untuk pengembangan bisnis sabun scrub ke depannya.
CREATING CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISION : ANALYSIS OF BRAND IMAGE, SERVICE QUALITY AND MARKETING COMMUNICATION. (A Case Study on Mal Artha GadinG/MAG Jakarta)
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
The research aimed to examine and analyze either partial or simultaneuos influence of brand image, service quality and marketing communication on purchase decision of Mal Artha Gading consumers. Of 40.000 populations, 100 samples were obtained, based on Slovin’s sampling technique. For data collection, the research relied on questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for data analysis. The research findings have revealed that brand image, service quality and marketing communication influence consumer purchase decision simultaneously. Partially, brand image variable gave the greatest and the most significant influence on consumer purchase decision, while service quality did not influence consumer purchase decision very much; marketing communication had a significant impact on consumer purchase decision. The implication is that in order to have consumers make a purchase, the management had better improve its brand image, service quality and marketing communication.
Neuropharmacological activity of nut grass (Cyperus Rotundus L.) rhizome fraction
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
The flavonoids content of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes is presumed to show activities on a central nervous system involving GABAergik. This research aimed to further investigate the neuropharmacological properties of Cyperus rotundus rhizomes fraction by measuring their hypnotic-sedative and anticonvulsant activities. The exploratory behavior test was performed using the hole-board method, while the motor coordination was assessed using the rotarod test. The results showed that the 70% ethanol fraction of Cyperus rotundus rhizome exhibited significant neuropharmacological activities (p < 0.05). Among the three fractions tested in this research (i.e., ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane), the ethanol fraction showed the best hypnotic-sedative and anticonvulsant activities. The ethanol fraction of Cyperus rotundus rhizome could shorten the duration of HLE equal to sodium valproate and potentiate phenobarbital-induced sleep by reducing the onset and prolonging the duration of sleep. The highest dose of the 70% ethanol fraction of Cyperus rotundus rhizome (356.7 mg/kg) displayed the best anxiolytic activity, resembling that of diazepam (p>0.05). In conclusion, Cyperus rotundus rhizome appeared as potent neuropharmacological drug candidate with abilities comparable to synthetic drugs.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Gel Ekstrak Tembakau (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) dan Aktivitasnya terhadap Streptococcus mutans
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
Ekstrak tembakau memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Untuk memaksimalkan pemakaian ekstrak tembakau pada penggunaan topikal sebagai antibakteri maka perlu dibuat suatu sediaan farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak tembakau dalam sediaan gel dengan menggunakan Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) sebagai gelling agent serta menguji aktivitasnya terhadap S. mutans. Gel ekstrak tembakau dibuat dalam 3 formula dengan perbedaan konsentrasi HPMC yaitu, 1,5% (F1), 2% (F2) dan 2,5% (F3). Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan ekstrak tembakau, kemudian diuji karakteristiknya. Ekstrak yang diperoleh diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan gel dan dievaluasi stabilitas fisiknya selama 12 minggu serta diuji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan menggunakan metode difusi. Hasil evaluasi gel ekstrak tembakau menunjukkan bahwa seluruh formula gel ekstrak tembakau stabil selama penyimpanan. Uji aktivitas terhadap S. mutans diperoleh diameter hambat berturut-turut pada F1, F2 dan F3, yaitu sebesar 9,07 mm, 19,53 mm, dan 11,57 mm. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan penentuan potensial relatif F2 dibandingkan terhadap eritromisin. Hasil pengujian didapatkan potensi relatif sebesar 1,2 x 10-2 kali dibandingkan eritromisin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi HPMC tidak memberikan perbedaan secara bermakna terhadap stabilitas fisik gel ekstrak tembakau, dengan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. mutans terbaik didapatkan pada F2.
Kewirausahaan (Entreprenuership) Berbasis Manajemen Strategik bagi Wirausaha Baru di Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama Utara, Jakarta Selatan
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
Entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship) is a process of applying creativity and innovation in solving problems and finding opportunities to improve life (business and work). Community service activities are focused on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) built by PKK through UP2K in Kebayoran Lama Utara sub-district, in the form of food culinary, clothing, transportation and new business (start-up company). Business people as many as 30 people from various businesses. Methods used: (1) Survey; (2) Focus Group Discussion (FGD); (3) Briefing (Community Organization); (4) Community Development; (5) Learning Methods; and (6) Advocacy. The findings obtained are: (1) nine out of 10 organizations failed to realize SMEs due to no rest; (2) there are 5% of participants who understand the strategic plan; (3) 60% of organizations do not have realization budgets. The objectives of entrepreneurship based on strategic management are: (1) achievement of family economic effort improvement through group / individual business, so as to increase income and family welfare; (2) enhancing the capabilities and qualities of new entrepreneurs; (3) increasing knowledge, skills and skills for new entrepreneurs; (4) fostering groups of community or pre-cooperative economic enterprises in order to improve the family and community economy. Strategic management-based entrepreneurship is expected to promote effective and efficient SMEs for new entrepreneurs Abstrak Kewirausahaan (entrepreneurship) merupakan suatu proses penerapan kreativitas dan inovasi dalam memecahkan persoalan dan menemukan peluang untuk memperbaiki kehidupan (usaha dan kerja). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini difokuskan pada usaha kecil menengah (UKM) binaan PKK melalui UP2K di Wilayah Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama Utara, berupa: bisnis kuliner makanan, pakaian (konfeksi), jasa transportasi dan usaha baru (start-up company). Pelaku bisnis sebanyak 30 orang dari berbagai macam usaha. Metode yang digunakan: (1) Survey; (2) Focus Grup Discussion (FGD); (3) Breafing (Community Organization); (4) Community Development; (5) Metode Pembelajaran; dan (6) Advokasi. Temuan yang diperoleh adalah: (1) sembilan dari 10 organisasi gagal merealisasikan UKM dikarenakan tidak memiliki restra; (2) terdapat 5% peserta yang paham renstra; (3) terdapat 60% organisasi tidak memiliki anggaran realisasi renstra. Tujuan kewirausahaan berbasis manajemen strategis adalah: (1) tercapainya peningkatan usaha ekonomi keluarga melaui usaha kelompok/ perorangan, sehingga dapat meningkatan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan keluarga; (2) meningkatkan kemampuan dan kualitas para wirausaha baru; (3) meningkatkan pengetahuan, kemampuan dan ketrampilan bagi wirausaha baru; (4) menumbuhkan kelompok-kelompok usaha ekonomi masyarakat atau pra-koperasi dalam rangka pe ningkatan ekonomi keluarga dan masyarakat. Kewirausahaan berbasis manajemen strategik diharapkan meningkatkan UKM yang efektif dan efisien bagi wirausaha baru.
Learning Disability On Ishaan, Dyslexic Character Portrayed In The Movie “Like Stars On Earth”
By Sepeda Lipat | | 0 Comments |
Lifespan development disorders are psychological disorder, which are characterized by abnormal development. It is a severe development delay that occurs to certain people. Since learning disability is one of major lifespan development disorders under a psycholinguistic umbrella, this study aims to elaborate and analyse learning disability of dyslexia suffered by Ishaan, the main character in “Like Stars on Earth” movie as the unit analysis. This study adopted a descriptive qualitative approach by using a discourse analysis method. The film has shown that Ishaan has 31 out of 37 symptoms of dyslexia. Ishaan also experienced emotional and social problems due to wrong perceptions from his surroundings, which make him more depressed, and unable to show his real talent and full potential. It is inferred that dyslexics needs to get the support from parents, teachers and people surrounding to find out their talents to improve their self confidence as early as possible. In addition, specific holistic approach dealing with social and emotional factors conjunction with education aspect must be provided as well.