Ekstrak tembakau memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Untuk memaksimalkan pemakaian ekstrak tembakau pada penggunaan topikal sebagai antibakteri maka perlu dibuat suatu sediaan farmasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan ekstrak tembakau dalam sediaan gel dengan menggunakan Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) sebagai gelling agent serta menguji aktivitasnya terhadap S. mutans. Gel ekstrak tembakau dibuat dalam 3 formula dengan perbedaan konsentrasi HPMC yaitu, 1,5% (F1), 2% (F2) dan 2,5% (F3). Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan ekstrak tembakau, kemudian diuji karakteristiknya. Ekstrak yang diperoleh diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan gel dan dievaluasi stabilitas fisiknya selama 12 minggu serta diuji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan menggunakan metode difusi. Hasil evaluasi gel ekstrak tembakau menunjukkan bahwa seluruh formula gel ekstrak tembakau stabil selama penyimpanan. Uji aktivitas terhadap S. mutans diperoleh diameter hambat berturut-turut pada F1, F2 dan F3, yaitu sebesar 9,07 mm, 19,53 mm, dan 11,57 mm. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan penentuan potensial relatif F2 dibandingkan terhadap eritromisin. Hasil pengujian didapatkan potensi relatif sebesar 1,2 x 10-2 kali dibandingkan eritromisin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi HPMC tidak memberikan perbedaan secara bermakna terhadap stabilitas fisik gel ekstrak tembakau, dengan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap S. mutans terbaik didapatkan pada F2.

Entrepreneurship (entrepreneurship) is a process of applying creativity and innovation in solving problems and finding opportunities to improve life (business and work). Community service activities are focused on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) built by PKK through UP2K in Kebayoran Lama Utara sub-district, in the form of food culinary, clothing, transportation and new business (start-up company). Business people as many as 30 people from various businesses. Methods used: (1) Survey; (2) Focus Group Discussion (FGD); (3) Briefing (Community Organization); (4) Community Development; (5) Learning Methods; and (6) Advocacy. The findings obtained are: (1) nine out of 10 organizations failed to realize SMEs due to no rest; (2) there are 5% of participants who understand the strategic plan; (3) 60% of organizations do not have realization budgets. The objectives of entrepreneurship based on strategic management are: (1) achievement of family economic effort improvement through group / individual business, so as to increase income and family welfare; (2) enhancing the capabilities and qualities of new entrepreneurs; (3) increasing knowledge, skills and skills for new entrepreneurs; (4) fostering groups of community or pre-cooperative economic enterprises in order to improve the family and community economy. Strategic management-based entrepreneurship is expected to promote effective and efficient SMEs for new entrepreneurs Abstrak Kewirausahaan (entrepreneurship) merupakan suatu proses penerapan kreativitas dan inovasi dalam memecahkan persoalan dan menemukan peluang untuk memperbaiki kehidupan (usaha dan kerja). Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini difokuskan pada usaha kecil menengah (UKM) binaan PKK melalui UP2K di Wilayah Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama Utara, berupa: bisnis kuliner makanan, pakaian (konfeksi), jasa transportasi dan usaha baru (start-up company). Pelaku bisnis sebanyak 30 orang dari berbagai macam usaha. Metode yang digunakan: (1) Survey; (2) Focus Grup Discussion (FGD); (3) Breafing (Community Organization); (4) Community Development; (5) Metode Pembelajaran; dan (6) Advokasi. Temuan yang diperoleh adalah: (1) sembilan dari 10 organisasi gagal merealisasikan UKM dikarenakan tidak memiliki restra; (2) terdapat 5% peserta yang paham renstra; (3) terdapat 60% organisasi tidak memiliki anggaran realisasi renstra. Tujuan kewirausahaan berbasis manajemen strategis adalah: (1) tercapainya peningkatan usaha ekonomi keluarga melaui usaha kelompok/ perorangan, sehingga dapat meningkatan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan keluarga; (2) meningkatkan kemampuan dan kualitas para wirausaha baru; (3) meningkatkan pengetahuan, kemampuan dan ketrampilan bagi wirausaha baru; (4) menumbuhkan kelompok-kelompok usaha ekonomi masyarakat atau pra-koperasi dalam rangka pe ningkatan ekonomi keluarga dan masyarakat. Kewirausahaan berbasis manajemen strategik diharapkan meningkatkan UKM yang efektif dan efisien bagi wirausaha baru.

The activity has aimed to solve the existing problem of farmers to develop the cultivation of Talas Beneng, which has competitiveness towards the development of creative Industries. Talas Beneng as one of Taro varieties of large size products with high protein content and an attractive yellow colour. Bina Mandiri Farmers’ group is a partner in this program, which is located in Juhut Village. Their problems include (1) the trend change of Talas Beneng products; (2) lack of farmers’ knowledge and skill to cultivate the plant; (3) lack of farmers’ ability to utilize information technology (internet) as a means of marketing and business management. The solution of the problems are (1) the cultivation training of Talas Beneng oxalic acid levels; (2) the improvement of human resource capacity to manage the cultivation; (3) the training of information technology use as a marketing tool for the product; (4) the training of human resources capacity building in terms of management and finance. The Target of program is improving the ability of the target group in plant engineering knowledge, marketing and financial management with the support of the Banten provincial government, partnerships with industry and academia.

Even though some authors argue that critical thinking (CT) is almost impossible to be taught to students in non-Western countries since Western and non-Western countries have different cultural background, several studies on CT conducted in Asia, Africa and predominantly Muslim countries have showed that it can be taught to non-Western students. CT has actually been fashionable in non-Western countries, and several non-Western countries have nowadays included it in their educational agenda. In spite of CT’s gaining popularity in non-Western countries, there is very little information as regards what kind of CT which is adopted in those non-Western countries’ education and what CT framework which can work in their teachinglearning processes, especially in the field of ELT. This article attempts to propose a critical thinking framework that can be used in ELT as well as other school subjects. The framework is the result of critically analyzing, examining and synthesizing 20 critical thinking taxonomies, strategies, programs and tests.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh program pelatihan Red Glove Service Culture dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei kausal dengan teknik analisis jalur. Populasi terjangkau berjumlah 134 orang. Sampel sebanyak 101. Data dihimpun melalui angket berskala Likert, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif program pelatihan Red Glove Service Culture terhadap motivasi kerja; 2) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif program pelatihan Red Glove Service Culture terhadap kinerja karyawan; 3) terdapat pengaruh langsung negative dan signifikan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. lmplikasi. peningkatan program pelatihan Red Glove Service Culture dan motivasi kerja akan meningkatkan kinerja karyawan.

Abstract. This research aims to identify the potential of cultural property in Cilacap Regency as a source for learning history. The research is conducted using qualitative approach through three stages, namely identifying cultural property that can be used as a source for learning history and educational tourism, assessing the response of history teachers on the use of cultural property as a source for learning history, and assessing the strategy of using cultural property as learning sources. The results show that (1) Cilacap has 84 potential cultural properties that can be developed as learning resources. (2) The potential of the cultural properties has not been fully utilized by teachers as a source for learning history. (3) The reasons behind this are the teacher's lack of information about the cultural properties and the distance between the location of the cultural properties and the school. (4) History teachers in Cilacap use project-based learning as a method of using cultural properties as a learning resource.

These days, the dynamics of social interaction in Indonesia is affected by various issues that are threatening the diversity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This study aims to describe the multicultural approach in learning in elementary school as an effort to strengthen the student's values of multiculturalism from an early age. The descriptive qualitative method is used to analyze various problems related to the implementation of multicultural approach in learning. The research was conducted in five public elementary schools in PasarRebo Sub-district, East Jakarta. The results of the research explains that the multicultural approach should be a soft skill for the teachers and all components of the primary school management as an effort in fostering tolerance, living in peace, mutual protection, mutual freedom from threats, and to achieve the peaceful and harmonious Indonesia.

The activity has aimed to solve the existing problem of farmers to develop the cultivation of Talas Beneng, which has competitiveness towards the development of creative Industries. Talas Beneng as one of Taro varieties of large size products with high protein content and an attractive yellow colour. Bina Mandiri Farmers’ group is a partner in this program, which is located in Juhut Village. Their problems include (1) the trend change of Talas Beneng products; (2) lack of farmers’ knowledge and skill to cultivate the plant; (3) lack of farmers’ ability to utilize information technology (internet) as a means of marketing and business management. The solution of the problems are (1) the cultivation training of Talas Beneng oxalic acid levels; (2) the improvement of human resource capacity to manage the cultivation; (3) the training of information technology use as a marketing tool for the product; (4) the training of human resources capacity building in terms of management and finance. The Target of program is improving the ability of the target group in plant engineering knowledge, marketing and financial management with the support of the Banten provincial government, partnerships with industry and academia.

Kemerdekaan pers rnerupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari pesatnya industri media rnassa. Kemerdekaan pers mutlak diperlukan bukan hanya bagi kepentingan pers dalan menciptakan produk yang menarik sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat/ pelanggan, tapi juga merupakan satu wujud kedaulatan rakyat yang berazaskan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi, keadilan dan supremasi hukum. Sejarah menunjukkan bahwa kita tidak memiliki budaya atau tradisi melindungi kemerdekaan pers. Pada 7 Agustus 1744 media pertama di Nusantara "Bataviasche Nouvelles en Politique Raisonnementen" diluncurkan dan dua tahun kemudian surat kabar itu dilarang terbit. Selanjutnya pembredelan terhadap penerbitan pers, yang dinilai tidak sesuai dengan kepentingan kekuasaan menjadi biasa pada zaman pernerintahan kolonial Belanda dan pendudukan jepang

Apa cirri yang kongkrit bahwa sebuah pelayanan dapat dinilai mengandung makna keunggulan komunikasi bisnis dan dirasakan bernilai bagi pelanggan sehingga di benak pelanggan terbangun persepsi positif bahwa pelayanan yang diberikan sangat menyentuh dan telah menjadi budaya perusahaan dalam pelayanan. Komunikasi bisnis atau dalam kontek pemasaran misalnya merupakan usaha untuk menyampaikan pesan menyadarkan dan meyakinkan konsumen bahwa mereka membutuhkan jasa atau produk yang ditawarkan (sutisna, 2001)