Herba Andrographis paniculata (Burm f.) Nees atau sambiloto dan daun Pandanus amaryllifolius (Burm f.) Nees atau pandan wangi telah diketahui khasiatnya sebagai antihiperglikemia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi kombinasi ekstrak etanol 70% herba sambiloto dan daun pandan wangi sebagai antihiperglikemia pada tikus jantan galur Sprague Dawley yang diinduksi aloksan. Hewan uji dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 4 ekor tikus. Kelompok I adalah kelompok tanpa perlakuan; kelompok II mendapatkan glibenklamid dosis 0,26 mg/Kg BB; kelompok III mendapatkan ekstrak herba sambiloto tunggal dosis 1000 mg/Kg BB; kelompok IV mendapatkan ekstrak daun pandan wangi tunggal dosis 600 mg/Kg BB; kelompok V, VI, dan VII masing-masing mendapatkan kombinasi ekstrak herba sambiloto dan daun pandan wangi dosis berturut-turut 1000:300, 500:300, dan 500:600 mg/Kg BB. Pemeriksaan kadar gula darah menggunakan sampel serum darah tikus yang diukur dengan metode GOD-PAP dan dibaca dengan spektrofotometer klinikal mikrolab 300. Preparat jaringan pankreas diamati menggunakan mikroskop dengan perbesaran 40x untuk melihat ada tidaknya vacuolation dan nekrosis pada sel pulau Langerhans pankreas. Data persentase penurunan kadar gula darah tikus dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Gambaran histopatologi pankreas dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok yang mendapatkan kombinasi ekstrak herba sambiloto dan daun pandan wangi (500:300 mg/Kg BB) merupakan kelompok kombinasi yang lebih baik dari kelompok ekstrak tunggalnya (p<0>0,05) dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah. Semua kelompok kombinasi ekstrak mampu memberikan perbaikan sel pulau Langerhans pankreas tikus.

Buah jambu biji memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan kapasitas pembersihan radikal bebas. Kandungan vitamin C pada jambu biji lebih tinggi dari jeruk. Penggunaan antioksidan adalah pendekatan yang efektif untuk mencegah gejala yang berkaitan dengan penuaan kulit akibat cahaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi stabilitas fisik krim topikal yang mengandung 5% vitamin C dari ekstrak buah jambu biji dengan berbagai konsentrasi setil alkohol sebagai stiffening agent. Serbuk buah jambu biji diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Selanjutnya, krim m/a dibuat dengan metode peleburan dengan konsentrasi setil alkohol 2,5%; 3,5%; dan 4,5% (yaitu F1, F2 & F3). Evaluasi telah dilakukan pada berbagai parameter seperti organoleptik, pH, homogenitas, daya sebar, reologi, dan pemisahan fasa. Ekstrak buah jambu biji mengandung 37,27% vitamin C. Sediaan krim menunjukkan homogen dan tidak ada variasi yang signifikan dalam organoleptik dan pH. Daya sebar krim F1 adalah semifluid sedangkan krim F2 & F3 adalah semistiff. Hasil rheogram menunjukkan aliran plastis dengan thixotropy. Berdasarkan metode sentrifugasi, pada F1 & F2 terdapat pemisahan kecuali F1. Hasil freeze-thaw tidak menunjukkan pemisahan fase selama periode percobaan. Berdasarkan hasil, stabilitas fisik yang baik ditunjukkan oleh F3 yang mengandung 4,5% setil alkohol.

This study aims to analyze and determine whether there is a direct effect of operating expense, third fund party and non-peforming financing to margin murabahah in Sharia commercial bank in Indonesia. Research population is Sharia commercial banks in Indonesia, while sampling technique used is purposive sampling with selected sample of 5 Sharia commercial banks. Data collection technique in this study is a document review of company’s Annual Report. However, techniques of processing and analyzing data are accounting analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumption test, coefficient determinant coefficient analysis and hypothesis test using SPSS version 20. Based on the partial test, operating expense and third party fund have a positive and significant effect on margin murabahah while non-peforming financing has a negative and insignificant effect on margin murabahah. However, simultaneously operating expense, third party fund and non peforming financing have a positive and significant impact on margin murabahah. Abstraks Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh biaya operasional, dana pihak ketiga dan non peforming financing terhadap margin murabahah pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Populasi penelitian adalah Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia, adapun teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel yang terpilih sebanyak 5 Bank Umum Syariah. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan telaah dokumen, yaitu pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah laporan keuangan perusahaan. Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis akuntansi, analisis statistik deskriptif, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji asumsi klasik, analisis koefesien determinan R2 dan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis secara parsial biaya operasional dan dana pihak ketiga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap margin murabahah sedangkan non peforming financing berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap margin murabahah. Namun, secara simultan biaya operasional, dana pihak ketiga dan non peforming financing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap margin murabahah.

This study aims to evaluate bureaucratic reform strategies in organizational units within the Coordinating Ministry of Politics, Law and Secutiry (Kemenko Polhukam). Bureaucratic Reformation has the main objective of realizing world-class governance characterized by the implementation of effective, efficient, accountable, transparent governance, clean from collusion, corruption and nepotism practices or clean government, so that can ultimately improve employees’ performances related to the tasks and functions of the Kemenko Polhukam which are synchronization and coordination of planning, drafting and implementing policies in the fields of politics, law and security. One area of reform that is quite important to improve is public services, especially in the current era of regional autonomy which provides opportunities for regions to innovate, creative, and create the best models for achieving quality improvement for the community. The research methodology used in this study was qualitative research that resulted descriptive data by using the CIPP (Contexts, Input, Process and Product) evaluation model. The results showed that bureaucratic reform in the Coordinating Ministry for Politics and Security was quite good, which increased from the previous year as much as 6.1%. Several bureaucratic strategies were implemented between changing the management, arranging the laws, arranging organization and governance, structuring the HR management system, strengthening supervision, strengthening public accountability teams, improving the quality of public services, monitoring and evaluating the related units.

This paper aimed to analyze the contribution of technology to Indonesian regional economy. Growth accounting method was employed using data on GDRP, regional/provincial capital accumulation and regional/provincial employment from during the year of 2002 to 2010. The contribution of factors and technology to Indonesian regional economy were analyzed and presented. The results show that the contribution of technology to Indonesian economy, on average during 2002-2010 at national level, was 24.4 per cent. Spatially, the contribution of technology to Indonesian regional economy varies among Island as well as among provinces within island. The highest contribution of technology was by Java Island (39.77%) followed by Bali-Nusa Tenggara Island (35.39%). The lowest technology contribution was in Kalimantan Island (12.82%). In Java Island, the highest contribution of technology was in the East Java Province (49.63%) and the lowest contribution was in the Special Province of Yogyakarta (28.35%). In Bali-Nusa Tenggara, the highest contribution of technology was in East Nusa Tenggara Province (51.71%), and the lowest contribution was in the Province of Bali (25.89%). In Kalimantan Island, the highest contribution of technology was in West Kalimantan Province (41.91%) and the lowest contribution was in South Kalimantan Province (24.25%).

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of leadership and cultural academic on good governance, which focused on transparency and accountability aspects. The study adopted a quantitative approach by using causal survey method with path analysis technique, which was to test the hypothesis. Thirty-one respondents consisting of lecturers and staff of graduate school of Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA (UHAMKA) were taken as a sample by using Taro Yamane formula. Questionnaire of three variables was distributed to the respondents by employing a Likert scale. For data analysis, the study used SPSS 21 to test data normality, linearity, coefficient correlation, and path coefficient. The research has revealed that: 1) leadership has a direct positive effect on academic culture; 2) leadership has a direct positive impact on good governance; 3) academic culture has a direct positive effect on good governance; and 4) the implementation of good governance is in accordance with its principles, i.e., transparency and accountability which has excellent impact to human resource quality, particularly in term of the increasing number of research and community service. It can be concluded that organization coherence is well created on account of the implementation of good governance principles, which is supported by strong leadership and academic culture. On the other word, strong leadership plays a vital role in effective governance.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the Indonesian students’ performance in solving fraction division case including the difficulties, relations, and implications for classroom instruction. This study employed a descriptive case study to achieve it. The procedures of data collecting were initiated by giving a context-based problem to 40 elementary school students and it then according to the test result was selected three students for semi-structure interviewed. The findings of the study showed that the tendency of students’ procedural knowledge dominated to their conceptual knowledge in solving the fraction division problem. Furthermore, it was found several mistakes. First, the students were not accurate when solving the problem and unsuccessful to figure out the problem. Second, students’ conceptual knowledge was incomplete. The last was is to apply the laws and strategies of fraction division irrelevant. These findings emphasized other sub-construct of fractions instead of part-to-whole in the teaching and learning process. Teaching and learning of fraction in the mathematics classroom should take both conceptual and procedural knowledge into account as an attempt to prevent faults and misconceptions. In conclusion, it was substantial to present context-based problems at the beginning of the lesson in order for students to be able to learn fraction division meaningfully.

Nitrogliserin adalah obat pilihan utama penanganan angina pektoris. Nitrogliserin mempunyai dosis rendah, waktu paruh obat dalam plasma pendek dan mengalami metabolisme di hati. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan bentuk sediaan mikroemulsi. Keunggulan mikroemulsi dibandingkan dengan makroemulsi adalah bentuknya yang transparan, stabil secara fisik, serta memiliki penetrasi yang lebih baik pada kulit karena ukuran dropletnya yang lebih kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi Tween 80 sebagaisurfaktan yang dapat memberikan penetrasi yang baik dalam mikroemulsi nitrogliserin. Konsentrasi Tween 80 yang digunakan yaitu 40% (F1), 42,5% (F2) dan 45% (F3). Kemampuan penetrasi diuji secara in vitro menggunakan sel difusi Franz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Tween 80sebesar 42,5% menghasilkan formula yang penetrasinyabaik. F2 menunjukkan hasil pengukuran ukuran droplet yaitu 69,0 nm dan uji difusi pada menit ke-180 sebesar 86,00% ± 3,65. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi tween 80 sebagai surfaktan sebesar 42,5% memberikan mikroemulsi nitrogliserin dengan penetrasi yang baik.

This study aims to evaluate bureaucratic reform strategies in organizational units within the Coordinating Ministry of Politics, Law and Secutiry (Kemenko Polhukam). Bureaucratic Reformation has the main objective of realizing world-class governance characterized by the implementation of effective, efficient, accountable, transparent governance, clean from collusion, corruption and nepotism practices or clean government, so that can ultimately improve employees’ performances related to the tasks and functions of the Kemenko Polhukam which are synchronization and coordination of planning, drafting and implementing policies in the fields of politics, law and security. One area of reform that is quite important to improve is public services, especially in the current era of regional autonomy which provides opportunities for regions to innovate, creative, and create the best models for achieving quality improvement for the community. The research methodology used in this study was qualitative research that resulted descriptive data by using the CIPP (Contexts, Input, Process and Product) evaluation model. The results showed that bureaucratic reform in the Coordinating Ministry for Politics and Security was quite good, which increased from the previous year as much as 6.1%. Several bureaucratic strategies were implemented between changing the management, arranging the laws, arranging organization and governance, structuring the HR management system, strengthening supervision, strengthening public accountability teams, improving the quality of public services, monitoring and evaluating the related units.

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